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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Transferase</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable hintergrundfarbe-basis infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Protein_Transferasen" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Protein">
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Transferasen
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<td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
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<td colspan="3" class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller; font-weight:bold;"><a href="Transaldolase" title="Transaldolase">Transaldolase</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.2.1.2">2.2.1.2</a>)
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Enzymklassifikation
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<td><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC, Kategorie</a>
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<td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brenda-enzymes.org/enzyme.php?ecno=2.-.-.-">2.-.-.-</a>
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<td>Reaktionsart
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Übertragung einer <a href="Funktionelle_Gruppe" title="Funktionelle Gruppe">funktionellen Gruppe</a> (<a href="Donator-Akzeptor-Prinzip" title="Donator-Akzeptor-Prinzip">Donator-Akzeptor-Prinzip</a>)
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<td>Substrat
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {A{-}X+B} }">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {A{-}X+B} }</annotation>
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<td>Produkte
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {A+B{-}X} }">
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Vorkommen
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Übergeordnetes <a href="Taxon" title="Taxon">Taxon</a>
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Lebewesen
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</p><p><b>Transferasen</b> (aus <span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="Latein" title="Latein">lateinisch</a></span> <span lang="la-Latn" style="font-style:italic"><i>transferre</i></span> ‚hinübertragen‘) sind <a href="Enzym" title="Enzym">Enzyme</a> der zweiten <a href="Enzymklasse" class="mw-redirect" title="Enzymklasse">Enzymklasse</a> laut der systematischen <a href="Nomenklatur" title="Nomenklatur">Nomenklatur</a> der Enzymkommission der <a href="International_Union_of_Biochemistry" class="mw-redirect" title="International Union of Biochemistry">International Union of Biochemistry</a> (IUB) und <a href="Stoffwechsel" title="Stoffwechsel">katalysieren</a> die Übertragung einer <a href="Funktionelle_Gruppe" title="Funktionelle Gruppe">funktionellen Gruppe</a> <b>X</b> (z. B. einer <a href="Methyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Methyl">Methylgruppe</a> oder <a href="Phosphat" class="mw-redirect" title="Phosphat">Phosphatgruppe</a>) von einem <a href="Donator-Akzeptor-Prinzip" title="Donator-Akzeptor-Prinzip">Donator</a> <b>A</b> zu einem Akzeptor <b>B</b>:
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<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {A{-}X+B\rightarrow A+B{-}X} }">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {A{-}X+B\rightarrow A+B{-}X} }</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/41140577961908e361189303b97c6574723a749a.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:23.175ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {A{-}X+B\rightarrow A+B{-}X} }" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Der Donator ist oft ein <a href="Cofaktor_(Biochemie)" title="Cofaktor (Biochemie)">Coenzym</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nomenklatur">Nomenklatur</h2></div>
<p>Systematisch korrekte Namen von Transferasen werden nach folgendem Muster gebildet: "Donator:Akzeptor-Gruppetransferase". Andere Namen sind aber gebräuchlicher. Die üblichen Namen von Transferasen werden folgendermaßen geformt: "Akzeptor-Gruppetransferase" oder "Donator-Gruppetransferase". Beispiel: Eine <a href="DNA-Methyltransferase" class="mw-redirect" title="DNA-Methyltransferase">DNA-Methyltransferase</a> ist eine Transferase, die die Übertragung einer Methylgruppe zu einem DNA-Akzeptor katalysiert.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="EC-Klassifikation">EC-Klassifikation</h2></div>
<p>Transferasen sind im <a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC-Nummern</a>-Klassifikationssystem unter <b><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.-.-.-">2.-.-.-</a></b> kategorisiert. Transferasen können spezifischer unter zehn Unterklassen eingeordnet werden:
</p>
<ul><li><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.1.-.-">2.1.-.-</a> umfasst Enzyme, die Ein-<a href="Kohlenstoff" title="Kohlenstoff">Carbon</a>-Gruppen übertragen</li>
<li><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.2.-.-">2.2.-.-</a> umfasst Enzyme, die <a href="Aldehyd" class="mw-redirect" title="Aldehyd">Aldehyd</a>- oder <a href="Ketogruppe" class="mw-redirect" title="Ketogruppe">Keto</a>-Gruppen übertragen</li>
<li><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.3.-.-">2.3.-.-</a> umfasst <a href="Acyltransferase" title="Acyltransferase">Acyltransferasen</a></li>
<li><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.4.-.-">2.4.-.-</a> umfasst <a href="Glykosyltransferase" class="mw-redirect" title="Glykosyltransferase">Glykosyltransferasen</a></li>
<li><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.5.-.-">2.5.-.-</a> umfasst Enzyme, die <a href="Alkylgruppe" title="Alkylgruppe">Alkyl-</a> oder <a href="Arylgruppe" title="Arylgruppe">Aryl</a>-Gruppen übertragen</li>
<li><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.6.-.-">2.6.-.-</a> umfasst Enzyme, die <a href="Nitrogruppe" title="Nitrogruppe">Nitrogruppen</a> übertragen</li>
<li><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.7.-.-">2.7.-.-</a> umfasst Enzyme, die <a href="Phosphor" title="Phosphor">phosphorhaltige</a> Gruppen übertragen (<a href="Kinasen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinasen">Kinasen</a>)</li>
<li><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.8.-.-">2.8.-.-</a> umfasst Enzyme, die <a href="Schwefel" title="Schwefel">schwefelhaltige</a> Gruppen übertragen</li>
<li><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.9.-.-">2.9.-.-</a> umfasst Enzyme, die <a href="Selen" title="Selen">selenhaltige</a> Gruppen übertragen</li>
<li><a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.10.-.-">2.10.-.-</a> umfasst Enzyme, die <a href="Metall" class="mw-redirect" title="Metall">metallhaltige</a> Gruppen (<a href="Molybd%C3%A4n" title="Molybdän">Mo</a> oder <a href="Wolfram" title="Wolfram">W</a>) übertragen</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beispiele">Beispiele</h2></div>
<ul><li>Aspartat Carbamoyltransferase (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.1.3.2">2.1.3.2</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Transaldolase" title="Transaldolase">Transaldolase</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.2.1.2">2.2.1.2</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Transglutaminase" class="mw-redirect" title="Transglutaminase">Transglutaminase</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.3.2.13">2.3.2.13</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Aspartat-Aminotransferase" title="Aspartat-Aminotransferase">Aspartat-Aminotransferase</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.6.1.1">2.6.1.1</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Hexokinase" title="Hexokinase">Hexokinase</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.7.1.1">2.7.1.1</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Glykogenphosphorylase" class="mw-redirect" title="Glykogenphosphorylase">Glykogenphosphorylase</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.7.1.37">2.7.1.37</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Pyruvatkinase" title="Pyruvatkinase">Pyruvatkinase</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.7.1.40">2.7.1.40</a>)</li>
<li>DNA-abhängige <a href="RNA-Polymerase" class="mw-redirect" title="RNA-Polymerase">RNA-Polymerase</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.7.7.6">2.7.7.6</a>)</li>
<li><a href="RNA-abh%C3%A4ngige_RNA-Polymerase" title="RNA-abhängige RNA-Polymerase">RNA-abhängige RNA-Polymerase</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.7.7.48">2.7.7.48</a>)</li>
<li>Alkohol Sulfotransferase (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.8.2.2">2.8.2.2</a>)</li>
<li>Molybdopterin Molybdotransferase (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/2.10.1.1">2.10.1.1</a>)</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Andere_Enzymklassen">Andere Enzymklassen</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Oxidoreduktasen" title="Oxidoreduktasen">Oxidoreduktasen</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/1.-.-.-">1.-.-.-</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Hydrolase" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydrolase">Hydrolasen</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/3.-.-.-">3.-.-.-</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Lyasen" title="Lyasen">Lyasen</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/4.-.-.-">4.-.-.-</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Isomerasen" title="Isomerasen">Isomerasen</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/5.-.-.-">5.-.-.-</a>)</li>
<li><a href="Ligase" title="Ligase">Ligasen</a> (<a href="EC-Nummer" title="EC-Nummer">EC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/6.-.-.-">6.-.-.-</a>)</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.qmul.ac.uk/sbcs/iubmb/enzyme/EC2/intro.html">EC 2 Einführung (engl.)</a> des Instituts der Chemie an der <a href="Queen_Mary_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Mary University">Queen Mary University</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://us.expasy.org/enzyme/">Enzym-Nomenklatur-Datenbank</a> (engl.)</li></ul></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
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